Bamwe mu bagore bagize uruhare rukomeye muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi

Nyiramasuhuko yari n’inshuri ikomeye ya Agatha Kanziga Habyarimana [umugore wa Perezaida Habyarimana Juvebal] kuko biganye i Butare mu ishuri rya Notre Dame de la Providence Karubanda.

Nyiramasahuko yinjiye mu guverinoma mu 1992 ku iturufu y’ishyaka MRND mu gihe mu Rwanda hari inkubiri y’amashyaka menshi ndetse na FPR Inkotanyi yari yaramaze gutangiza urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu.

Akimara kuba minisitiri yagaragaje ko adashyigikiye amasezerano y’amahoro ya Arusha. Ubwo hashyirwagaho Leta y’Abatabazi ku ya 9 Mata 1994, Nyiramasuhuko yakomeje kugirwa Minisitiri w’Umuryango n’Iterambere ry’Umugore.

By’umwihariko yoherejwe muri Perefegitura ya Butare aho avuka kuyobora Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Minisitiri w’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda n’Inshingano Mboneragihugu, Bizimana Jean Damascène, aherutse gutangaza ko ku itariki ya 21 Mata 1994 ari bwo Nyiramasuhuko yoherejwe i Butare kuyobora ubwicanyi muri Jenoside kandi ari nabwo mu gihugu hishwe Abatutsi benshi.

Yanditse kuri Twitter ati “21/4/1994: Leta yakajije ikorwa rya jenoside yohereza Ministre Nyiramasuhuko na Nzabonimana Callixte i Butare na Gitarama kuyihutisha. Niwo munsi wishweho Abatutsi benshi mu gihugu: Umujyi wa Butare, Karama, Murambi, Cyanika, Kaduha…Tubibuke, twubake u Rwanda turinda ubumwe bwacu.”

Yafatiwe muri Kenya muri Nyakanga 1997 ashyikirizwa Urukiko Mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (ICTR).

Ku wa 24 Kamena 2011 yahamwe n’ibyaha bya jeonside ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu hamwe n’umuhungu we Arsène Shalom Ntahobari.

Mu Ukuboza 2015 Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwagabanyije igihano cya burundu cyari cyarakatiwe abo bombi, Nyiramasuhuko ahabwa imyaka 47 n’umuhungu we biba bityo.

Muri Nyakanga 2018 Nyiramasuhuko yajyanwe muri Sénégal kuba ari ho asoreza igihano cy’igifungo yari asigaje

Nyiramasuhuko ni we mugore wa mbere ku Isi wahamijwe n’urukiko icyaha cyo gufata ku ngufu n’ubutabera mpuzamahanga. Afite umwihariko wo kuba umugore rukumbi waburanishijwe n’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha (TPIR ) rwashyiriweho u Rwanda i Arusha muri Tanzanie kuko abandi rwaburanishije bose ari abagabo.

Bemeriki Valerie

Umunyamakuru Bemeriki Valerie yamenyekanye cyane ubwo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yakorwaga mu 1994. Icyo gihe yari umunyamakuru wa Radio RTLM (Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines) aho yaranzwe n’amagambo mabi mu ijwi riri hejuru atuka Inkotanyi kandi ashishikariza Abahutu kwica Abatutsi.

Yavukiye mu yahoze ari Komini Giciye muri Perefegitura ya Gisenyi mu 1955. Yakoze akazi gatandukanye karimo kwandika mu kinyamakuru Umurwanashyaka cya MRND cyakundaga kwandika inkuru zitaka ibikorwa by’Interahamwe.

Yabaye umunyamakuru wa RTLM mu 1993 kugeza mu Nyakanga 1994 ubwo Ingabo za FPR Inkotanyi zabohoraga igihugu zigahagarika ibikorwa byayo.

Igihugu kikimara kubohorwa yahungiye mu gihugu cya Zaire [kuri ubu ni Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo] mu 1999 aza gufatirwa muri icyo gihugu cy’abaturanyi agarurwa mu Rwanda, mu 2009 akatirwa igifungo cya burundu n’Urukiko Gacaca w’Umurenge wa Gikondo mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Kuri ubu afungiye muri Gereza ya Nyarugenge i Mageragere kandi akunze gutanga ubuhamya agaragaza uburyo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yateguwe ikanashyirwa mu bikorwa, n’uruhare yayigizemo.

Mu kiganiro na IGIHE mu 2019 aho afungiye muri yagaragaje kwicuza avuga ko umwuga w’itangazamakuru yawukoresheje mu kubiba urwango ariko abonye amahirwe yo kongera kuwukora yakwitandukanya n’ikibi.

Yagize ati “Umwuga w’itangazamakuru narawukunze ariko ngiyeyo ibyo navuze si byo nakongera kuvuga, ahubwo nabisenya byose, nkigisha Abanyarwanda imibanire myiza, nkabigisha kwirinda iby’amoko, nkabigisha kwirinda kugwa mu mutego nk’uwo twe twaguyemo, kuko twaguye mu mutego mubi wakozwe n’abo bari hejuru bateguye Jenoside, noneho tuwugwamo wo kwica abavandimwe bacu.

Icyo nakora ni ugushimangira ubumwe n’ubwiyunge mu Banyarwanda, mbumvisha ko twese turi Abanyarwanda nta Hutu nta Tutsi, ko icyo tugomba gukora ari ugufatanya tukubaka igihugu cyacu.”

Ntamabyariro Agnès

Ntamabyariro Agnès yavukiye muri Perefegitira ya Gitarama mu 1937 akaba yarabaye Minisitiri w’Ubutabera mu 1994 muri Leta y’Abatabazi.

Yahamijwe kugira uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 i Kabgayi mu yakoze ari Perefegitura ya Gitarama.

Yahamijwe no kugira uruhare mu rupfu rw’uwari Perefe wa Perefegitura ya Butare, Habyarimana Jean Baptiste.

Mu 1997 uyu mugore yafatiwe mu gihugu cya Zambia aho yari yarahungiye yoherezwa mu Rwanda atangira kuburanishwa ku byaha yashinjwaga.

Mu 2009 yahamijwe kugira uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. Nyuma yaho yahise ajurira ariko mu 2015 Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rutesha agaciro ubujurire bwe rugumishaho igihano yahawe cyo gufungwa ubuzima bwe bwose.

Mukankusi Virginie

Mukankusi wari umugenzuzi w’amashuri mu mujyi wa Kigali ni we mugore wa mbere wahamijwe icyaha cya Jenoside ndetse anakatirwa igihano cy’urupfu.

Ari mu bantu 22 barashwe mu kwa kane mu 1998 nyuma yo guhamwa n’ibyaha bya Jenoside bagakatirwa igihano cy’urupfu.

Abo ni nabo bonyine bakatiwe igihano cy’urupfu kuko nyuma yaho u Rwanda rwakuye igihano cy’urupfu mu mategeko ahana yarwo.

Dr Nduwamariya Jeanne

Dr Nduwamariya yavukiye muri yari Komini Ndora muri Perefegitura ya Butare, akaba mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yari umuganga mu Bitaro bya Kabutare.

Yasinjwe kugira uruhare mu itegurwa rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi no mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo cyane cyane ngo yitabiriye ubwicanyi kuri za bariyeri z’i Tumba.

Yashinjwe no kwibasira by’umwihariko umuryango wa Berekimasi ahiga bukware umukobwa we Chantal kugeza aho yatangaga amafaranga ngo ahigwe, aboneke yicwe.

Hari inama nyinshi zitegura Jenoside zabereye mu rugo rwe n’umugabo we. Ni umugore wa Dr Jean Chrysostome Ndindabahizi. Yaburanishijwe n’Inkiko Gacaca adahari akatirwa igifungo cya burundu y’umwihariko n’Inteko ya Tumba B tariki ya 28 Ukwakira 2009.

Dr Nyiraruhango Berthe

Dr Nyiraruhango Berthe ni umuganga w’inzobere mu kuvura indwara zo mu muhogo, amazuru n’amatwi (ORL) yashakanye na Dr Nsengiyumva Jean Népomuscène, bombi bakora mu bitaro ya Kaminuza y’u Rwanda.

Uyu mugore avugwaho ko yatangiye ubugome bwo kwikoma Abatutsi kuva muri 1990 ubwo bafungaga abo bitaga ibyitso by’Inkotanyi, we yari mu bakoraga lisiti z’abatutsi bo gufunga.

Ashinjwa ko muri jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yatotezaga abarwayi b’abatutsi akabaka indangamuntu akabarangira Interahamwe n’abasirikare bakaza bakabatwara bakabica.

Avugwaho kandi ko yanze kwakira no kuvura abarwayi b’abatutsi avuga ko atavura inyenzi.

Mu bo yishe bemejwe na Gacaca harimo umuforomo witwaga Hawa; yarezwe kandi kuba yarashimangiye umwana umusumari mu gutwi avuga ko atavura Inyenzi. Nyuma ya jenoside yahungiye muri Kenya.

Ku wa 26 Nzeri 2007 Urukiko Gacaca rwamukatiye igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka30 adahari. Bivugwa ko yaguye mu buhungiro.

Umugabo we, Dr Nsengiyumva Jean Nepomuscene, afungiye muri gereza ya Huye, yakatiwe gifungo cy’imyaka 30 kubera ibyaha bya Jenoside yakoreye i Butare.

Musanganire Félicité

Musanganire yavukiye mu yahoze ari Perefegitura ya Gitarama akaba ari umukobwa wa Dominique Mbonyumutwa wabaye Perezida wa mbere w’u Rwanda.

Uyu mugore yakoraga mu mushinga wa SIDA mu kigo cya Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda cyari gishinzwe ubuvuzi rusange, CUSP.

Ku wa 20 Ukuboza 2006 Urukiko Gacaca rw’Umurenge wa Ngomarwamukatiye adahari igifungo cy’imyaka 25.

Mu byaha byamuhamye harimo iyicwa rya Prof Pierre Claver Karenzi biciye kuri bariyeri y’imbere ya Hotel Faucon i Butare, gufatanya na Dr Eugene Rwamucyo mu rupfu rwa Cécile Nyirasikubwabo wahoze ari umukozi wa CUSP.

Kuri iyo bariyeri Félicité Musanganire ngo yakoraga akazi ko kugenzura indangamuntu z’abantu atandukanya Abahutu n’Abatutsi, agatanga Abatutsi bakicwa n’interahamwe n’abasirikare.

Yahungiye muri Afurika y’Epfo aho yakoze mu kigo gishinzwe iby’icyorezo cya sida cya kaminuza ya Western Cape, ari naho yakomereje amashuri amaze guhunga.

Umugabo we Dr Pierre Mugabo bafatanyije gukora Jenoside i Butare yakatiwe igihano cy’imyaka 30 mu 2007.

Kampire Thérèse

Kampire Thérèse yavukiye mu yahoze ari Perefegitura ya Butare akaba yarabaye n’umwarimu mu yari Kamunuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda.

Uyu mugore yahamijwe kugira uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi y’umwihariko muri Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda.

Mu 2007 Urukiko Gacaca rwa Butare rwamuhamije icyaha cya Jenoside by’umwihariko kugira uruhare mu rupfu rw’umugore wa mwarimu Gasana Pierre Claver, rumukatira igifungo cy’imyaka 19.

Mukamuzima Philomène

Mukamuzima yavukiye mu yahoze ari Komini Nshili muri Perefegitura ya Gikongoro muri 1954. Yakoze muri ONAPO/ Butare kuva muri 1993 ashinzwe serivisi yo kuringaniza imbyaro avuye muri CUSP aho yari umuforomokazi.

Yabaga mu itsinda ry’abicanyi ryari ryarashyizweho na Pauline Nyiramasuhuko n’umuhungu we Arsene Shalom Ntahobari, akaba yari n’inshuti magara ya Dr Seraphin Bararengana, murumuna wa Perezida Habyarimana Juvenal.

Yabaga kandi mu itsinda ry’abategura Jenoside ryo muri CUSP. Mu bwicanyi yafatanyije kandi na Dr Rwamucyo Eugene na Depite Febronie Nsaguye wo muri MRND.

Ku wa 26 Werurwe 2008, yahamijwe n’Urukiko Gacaca rw’Umurenge wa Ngoma ibyaha byo kujya mu nama zitegura Jenoside kuri CUSP, gushyigikira ikorwa rya jenoside, kugenzura no kugambanira abakozi bagenzi be b’Abatutsi bakicwa. Yakatiwe igifungo cy’imyaka 19.

Mukarurangwa Marie Rose

Mukarurangwa Marie Rose bitaga Kaporali yavukiye i Mpare mu yahoze ari Komini Huye [kuri ubu ni mu Karere ka Huye] mu 1959.

Ni umukobwa wa Banyangiriki Zakariya wabaye Depite wa MRND igihe kinini. Bamuhimbaga izina rya Kaporali kubera ubugome bwe.

Ku wa 04 Kamena 2008 yahamijwe n’Urukiko Gacaca rw’Umurenge wa Ngoma ibyaha byo kujya mu nama zitegura jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi kuri CUSP, gushyigikira ikorwa rya jenoside, kugenzura no kugambanira abakozi bagenzi be b’Abatutsi bakicwa, harimo barindwi bashoboye kumenyekana. Yakatiwe igifungo cy’imyaka 19.

Mukandutiye Sahunkuye Angelina

Mukandutiye Sahunkuye Angelina yari umugenzuzi amashuri abanza muri Nyarugenge akaba yari Perezidante w’interahamwe muri Segiteri Rugenge mbere y’umwaka wa 1994.

Uyu mugore wari utuye mu Mujyi wa Kigali mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 avugwaho uruhare rukomeye mu gutoza Interahamwe afatanyije na Colonel Renzaho Tharcisse wari Perefe w’Umujyi wa Kigali icyo gihe.

Ubwo Inkotanyi zahagarikaga Jenoside, Mukandutiye yahungiye muri Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo, icyo gihe yitwaga Zaïre.

Inkiko Gacaca zamukatiye igifungo cya burundu adahari, abarokotse Jenoside bakaba baratekerezaga ko adashobora kuzaboneka kugira ngo akore icyo gihano yahawe.

Mu Ukuboza 2019 nibwo Mukandutiye yagaragaye ari mu bantu babarirwa muri 200 bo mu mitwe irwanya ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda bari bafatiwe mu mashyamba ya Congo n’ingabo z’icyo gihugu, boherezwa mu Rwanda.

Nyuma yo kumenyekana yahise ajyanywa muri gereza ya Mageragere kurangiza igihano yakatiwe.

Yvonne Basebya Ntacyobatabara

Undi mugore wamenyekanye mu bagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ni Yvonne Basebya Ntacyobatabara wabaye umuyobozi w’Interahamwe n’Impuzamugambi z’i Gikondo mu Mujyi wa Kigali aho yari atuye.

Interahamwe yari ayoboye zagize uruhare mu kwica Abatutsi muri Jenoside muri Gikondo mu gihe cya Jenoside mu 1994. Jenoside ikimara guhagarikwa yahise ahungira mu Buholandi.

Mu 2007 Urukiko Gacaca rwa Gikondo rwo rwamuhamije ibyaha bya Jenoside rumukatira igihano cyo gufungwa burundu adahari.

2013 u Buholandi bwaramufashe buramuburanisha inkiko zimuhamya uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, akatirwa igifungo cy’imyaka itandatu n’amezi umunani.

Nyirakamanzi Phoibe

Nyirakamanzi Phoibe bakundaga kwita Nyirakamodoka avuka mu yari Perefegitura ya Ruhengeri. Ubushakashatsi bw’iyahoze ari Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo Kurwanya Jenoside (CNLG) bwagaragaje ko Nyirakamanzi yavukiye muri Segiteri Jenda muri Komini Nkuli muri Perefegitura ya Ruhengeri.

Avugwaho kugira uruhare rukomeye muri Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi aho yahereye mu mwaka wa 1990 mu bikorwa byo gutoteza Abatutsi bari batuye muri Segiteri Jenda nyuma yaho urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu rwari rumaze gutangira.

Yashinjwe ibyaha birimo kwica ndetse no kujya mu bitero aho ubwe yashyizeho bariyeli yitwaga ‘nyirantarengwa’ ahitwa ku Cyamabuye.

Yakatiwe gufungwa burundu, kuri ubu akaba afungiye muri gereza ya Ruhengeri nyuma yo guhamwa n’ibyaha birimo gucura Umugambi wa Jenoside; gutegura Jenoside; gushishikariza gukora Jenoside; kuyobora no kugenzura ibikorwa bya Jenoside n’ibindi bitandukanye.

Ababikira

Mukarubibi Theopista ni umubikira wabarizwaga mu muryango w’Abenebikira akaba yari ashiznwe igikoni ku Bitaro bya Kaminuza bya Butare (CHUB) mu bijyanye no kugaburira abarwayi biganjemo abakene badafite imiryango yabo ibagemurira.

Yahamijwe ibyaha bitandukanye kubera gufatanya n’abaganga, abaforomo n’abandi bakozi ba CHUB mu bwicanyi bwakorewe muri ibyo bitaro mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Urukiko Gacaca rwa Butare-ville rwamukatiye imyaka 30 y’igifungo ku wa 11 Kanama 2006. Afungiye muri gereza ya Nyamagabe.

Abandi babikira bagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ni Soeur Gertrude witwa Consolata Mukangango wavutse mu 1958 naho Soeur Marie Kizito we yitwa Mukabutera Julienne wavutse mu 1964.

Bombi bahamijwe ko bagize uruhare rukomeye mu rupfu rw’Abatutsi barenga 7600 bari bahungiye kuri Monastere ya Sovu iherereye mu Karere ka Huye akaba ari naho aba babikira bari batuye.

Aba babikira bombi bashinjwa gusohora mu nzu abari bahungiye muri iyi Monastere kugeza no ku miryango y’Ababikira bayibagamo ndetse Mukangango ashinjwa ko yandikiye uwari Burugumesitiri wa Komini Huye, Rutegesha Jonathan amusaba kuza kwirukana impunzi zari zahahungiye mu ibaruwa yanditse tariki 5 Gicurasi 1994.

Mu gihe interahamwe zajyaga kwica Abatutsi kuri iyo Monastere, ngo Soeur Gertrude niwe wagendaga yerekana ibyumba byari byihishemo Abatutsi, interahamwe zikagenda zibakuramo zikabica naho Soeur Marie Kizito ngo niwe wazanye Akajerekani ka Peteroli agaha interahamwe kifashishwa mu gutwika Abatutsi.

Jenoside ikimara guhagarikwa n’Ingabo za FPR Inkotanyi, aba babikira bombi bahungiye mu Bubiligi bajyanwa gutura muri Monastere ya Maredret.

Mu 2001 aba babikira bombi baburanishijwe n’ubutabera bw’u Bubiligi maze bombi bahamwa n’icyaha cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Soeur Gertrude yakatiwe igihano cyo gufungwa imyaka 15 naho Soeur Marie Kizito akatirwa gufungwa imyaka 12.